Jerusalem
Jerusalem is the capital of the State of Israel. Today, more than 770 thousand people live in Jerusalem. This is an ancient and at the same time modern city - it has museums, theaters, a zoo, a university, several large hospitals. In Jerusalem, the Knesset (parliament) and government agencies are located.
Jerusalem is a city of three religions. Among the population of Jerusalem, two-thirds are Jews and almost a third are Muslims. Two percent of the city's population are Christians.
Jerusalem is a little over 3,5 thousand years old. But the settlement on the site where Jerusalem is located, existed in the fifth millennium BC. Then the Jebusites lived here. In 2300 on the site of the present Jerusalem was the city of Shalem, which was ruled by Melchizedek. We learn about it from Tanakh.
From 1000 to 586 BC Jerusalem was the capital of the Jewish kingdom. King David built a city here. King Shlomo, the son of David, built the First Temple on Mount Moriah in 906 BC.
The temple stood until 598 BC, before the invasion of Nebuchadnezzar, who conquered Jerusalem. In 586 BC the Temple was destroyed, and the survivors of Jerusalem were taken captive to Babylon. In 538 BC persian king Cyrus the Great allowed the exiles to return and restore the Temple in Jerusalem.
Two hundred years later, Jerusalem was under the rule of the Greeks. After the death of Alexander of Macedon he was captured by Ptolemy I, the ruler of Egypt.
In 63 BC the city was captured by the Romans. Herod the Great engaged in extensive construction and began to rebuild the Temple. In 66 AD a rebellion broke out in Judea. In response, the Roman army besieged Jerusalem. In the summer of 70 the city was captured and the Second Temple burnt. The population of Jerusalem went into exile.
In 130 on the ruins of Jerusalem was built a Roman city called Elia Kapitolina. This is the cause of the Bar Kochba revolt. The Jews occupied Jerusalem and even built a temporary Temple. In 135 the uprising was suppressed.
In 614, Jerusalem was conquered by the Persians, and in 625-628 by Byzantines. In 648 the city was captured by Muslims. In 1099 the city was captured by the Crusaders. In 1187, he was conquered by the Egyptian Sultan Salah ad-Din. Salah ad-Din turned all the churches into mosques. In 1229, the Christians regained the city. But already in 1244 he again returns to the Muslims. In 1260, for a short time, the Mongols are conquering Jerusalem. In 1517 he was conquered by the troops of the Ottoman Empire.
From 1917 to 1947 the city was under the authority of the British Mandate. In 1948, as a result of the War of Independence, Jerusalem was divided: its western part became the Israeli capital, and the eastern part became part of Jordan.
Jerusalem was proclaimed the Israeli capital in 1950. In 1967, during the Six Day War, Israel returned the eastern part of Jerusalem.
In July 1980, Israel passed the Jerusalem Law as Basic Law. The law declared Jerusalem the "complete and united" capital of Israel.
Municipality:
Kikar Safra 1
Tel. 02-6297717, 02-6296666, 02-62966667777
The National Insurance Institute of Israel ("Bituah Leumi"):
Ben Shetah 4
Tel. *6050, 12226050
Israeli Employment Service ("Lishkat Taasuka"):
Yaffo 224, Tahana Merkazit
Tel. 02-5013100, 02-503111
The Ministry of Interior ("Misrad ha-Pnim"):
Hillel 24
Tel. *3450, 12223450
Shlomtzoin ha-Malka 1
Tel. 02-6290222
Merkaz Mishari Gilo
Tel. 02-6452880
Israel Tax Authority:
"Mas Ahnasa":
Kanfey Nesharim 66
Tel. 02-6545111, 02-6545108, 02-6545414, Fax. 02-6545494, 02-6545413
Yaffo 236
Tel. 02-5019222, 02-5019203, Fax. 02-5019250
"MAAM":
Kanfey Nesharim 66
Tel. 02-6545555, 02-6545512, Fax. 02-6545515
"Misuy Mekarkain":
Kanfey Nesharim 66
Tel. 02-6545222, 02-6545225, Fax. 02-6545240
Israel Ministry of Construction and Housing:
Tel. 02-6291100
Israel Ministry of Tourism:
Shaar Yaffo
Tel. 02-6271422
Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem:
Hadassh Ein-Kerem:
Ein Kerem campus, Kiryat-Hadassah,
Tel. *6777, 02-6776333
Hadassah Har ha-Tzofim:
Mount Scopus campus, Mount Scopus,
Tel. *6777, 02-5844222
Shaare Zedek Medical Center:
Tel. 02-6666666
Bikur Holim Hospital
Tel. 02-6464111
Misgav Ladach Hospital
Tel. 02-5678444
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Tel. 02-6585111
City streets and attractions near the city:
Jerusalem. Jewish Quarter of the Old CityOld City Market in JerusalemJerusalem. Temple MountJerusalem. MamillaJerusalem. City CenterJerusalem. NachlaotJerusalem. Mea ShearimJerusalem. Mount of OlivesJerusalem. Jaffa RoadJerusalem. Ben Yehuda streetJerusalem. Safra SquareJerusalem. Western WallJerusalem. Yemin MosheJerusalem. CardoJerusalem. Hurva SynagogueJerusalem. Zion GateJerusalem. David's TombJerusalem Biblical ZooLake flamingos in the Jerusalem Biblical ZooJerusalem - City of Three FaithsEin Kerem LandscapesGihon SpringThe Chagall Windows in Hadassah Medical CenterRoman street in JerusalemKfar DavidAt the Western WallMahane IsraelTeddy ParkRobinson's ArchTomb of SamuelWestern Wall TunnelsSnowy Jerusalem Jerusalem | The distance
(in straight line):
| to Tel Aviv - | 51 km | | to Haifa - | 116 km | | to Beer Sheva - | 70 km |
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